Hydroxyapatite supported caesium carbonate as a new recyclable solid base catalyst for the Knoevenagel condensation in water

• Monika Gupta,
• Rajive Gupta and
• Medha Anand

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2009, 5, No. 68, doi:10.3762/bjoc.5.68

• Monika Gupta Rajive Gupta Medha Anand Department of Chemistry, University of Jammu, Jammu 180 006, India 10.3762/bjoc.5.68 Abstract The Knoevenagel condensation between aromatic aldehydes and malononitrile, ethyl cyanoacetate or malonic acid with hydroxyapatite supported caesium carbonate in

• water is described. HAP–Cs2CO3 was found to be a highly active, stable and recyclable catalyst under the reaction conditions. Keywords: ethyl cyanoacetate; hydroxyapatite supported caesium carbonate; Knoevenagel condensation; malonic acid; malononitrile; Introduction An area of recent intense

• Preparation and characterization of HAP–Cs2CO3 Hydroxyapatite needed for the preparation of hydroxyapatite supported caesium carbonate catalyst was obtained by the co-precipitation method with slight procedural changes [32][33][34][35][36][37]. HAP–Cs2CO3 was prepared by stirring the mixture of hydroxyapatite